Header Ads

Header ADS

Poets of victorian age [victorian poetry] pdf download - ppup part 1 english honours notes and study material pdf

September 16, 2024 0
[ Poets of victorian age [victorian poetry] pdf download | ppup part 1 english honours notes and study material pdf ]


In this BlogPost we'll cover These Topics - ppup part 1 english honours notes and study material pdf, PPUP part 1 english honours ug study material download, PPUP part 1 english honours ug study material free, PPUP part 1 english honours ug study material online, PPUP part 1 english honours ug study material pdf, PPUP part 1 english honours ug study material quora, patliputra university guess paper 2024 pdf, Poets of victorian age victorian poetry pdf, Poets of victorian age victorian poetry ppt, Poets of victorian age victorian poetry in english, Victorian poetry characteristics, Victorian poets in English Literature, Victorian poets list, Poets of victorian age,  victorian poetry essay, Famous poets of victorian age victorian poetry, Victorian poetry wikipedia, Victorian poetry assignment, Victorian poetry notes, Victorian poetry introduction, Victorian poetry Summary

Introduction to Victorian poetry and Poets of Victorian age


Table of contents - Historical Background of Victorian Poetry Victorian poetry definition Characteristics of Victorian Poetry Salient features of Victorian poetry What is the Style of Tennyson? Tennyson’s poetry style Who are the Most Important Poets of Victorian Age? MATTHEW ARNOLD (1822-1888) ROBERT BROWNING (1812-89) ARTHUR CLORGH (1819-1861) ELIZABETH BARETT BROWNING (1806-61) Brontë sisters Amy Levy Victorian Poetry—Types (i) Dramatic Monologues (ii) Elegies (iii) Sonnets (iv) Verse novels (v) Arthurian Poetry (vi) Domestic and Idyllic Poems

Historical Background of Victorian Poetry

Historical Background of Victorian Poetry Queen Victoria ascended the throne in 1837 and introduced such economic and political measures, with the aid of her astute ministers that England was at the zenith of development. She did not hesitate in ending the monopoly of merchants – the old laissez – faire policy was replaced by just intervention and close scrutiny of market trends by state. The major industries of coal, iron, textiles and railway building continued to flourish. There were other

European competitors like Germany, France and Belgium. But England left them far behind. Many new machines and gadgets were either invented by British scientists or perfected by them. Bicycle, camera, electric light and telephone not only made life comfortable for Britishers; they gave rise to new industries that considerably enhanced British exports and income. The rise of Limited Liability Companies was a new thing. It ended the monopoly of one-family firms; on the other hand, it gave birth to a new era of capitalism in which the British middle class had a definite share. These companies were managed by

Board of Directors; but any individual might become a shareholder. Common people cultivated the habit of investing in industrial stock and a few depended entirely on the dividends from industry. The picture did not remain so bright for long. A series of conflicts jeopardized the Victorian peace and prosperity – there were troubles in Canada and India. However, Queen Victoria emerged stronger and her policies proved to be a mixture of toughness and liberality. The Sepoy Mutiny in India in 1857 compelled the queen to be sensitive to the demands of justice and trust.

She rose to the challenge and in her proclamation in 1858 promised “It is our further will that so far as may be, our subjects of whatever class or creed, be fully and freely dmitted to any offices the duties of which they may be qualified by their education, abilities and integrity duly to discharge.” The assertion of her independence and fairness is evident in this. The presence of such a wise queen together with long strides in commerce and industry made the Victorian age one of the best ages for the English people. They enjoyed peace at home, their children got the best of education and they had a healthy social life.

They worked hard; they had a grasp of the affairs of the world; they were constantly modifying technology for better communication and facilities. And they remained deeply religious. Yet the most serious crisis of the Victorian furies occured in the realm of religion. So far science had not disturbed their faith. But the publication of Charles Lyell’s Principles of Geology, 1830 and of Charles Darwin’s The Origin of Species, 1859 altered the scene. Victorian poetry definition • Poetry written during the reign of Queen Victoria from 1837 to 1901 is defined as Victorian poetry.

• The defining characteristics of Victorian age poetry are its focus on sensory elements, its recurring themes of the religion/science conflict, and its interest in medieval fables and legends. • Also see features of Georgian poetry. During the Victorian era, however, there was a lot of radical social change and as such, many poets of this time didn’t like the romanticized version of society. The Victorian poetry is, thus, divided into two main groups of poetry: The High Victorian Poetry and The Pre-Raphaelite Poetry.

Victorian poetry characteristics

Characteristics of Victorian Poetry • Victorian literature is the literature produced during the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 – 1901). • England, during this time, was undergoing a tremendous cultural upheaval; the accepted forms of literature, Victorian art and music had underwent a radical change. • The Romantic Movement, which preceded the Victorian Renaissance, had often portrayed the human pursuit of knowledge and power as a beautiful thing, for example in works of Wordsworth.

Salient features of Victorian poetry | ppup part 1 english honours notes and study material pdf

Salient features of Victorian poetry • The most important and obvious characteristic of Victorian Poetry was the use of sensory elements. Most of the Victorian Poets used imagery and the senses to convey the scenes of truggles between Religion and Science, and ideas about Nature and Romance, which transport the readers into the minds and hearts of the people of the Victorian age, even today. • Lord Alfred Tennyson lives up to this expected characteristic in most of his works. • One notable example is the poem Mariana, in which Tennyson writes, The doors upon their hi

The blue fly sung in the pane; the mouse / Behind the moldering wainscot shrieked. • These images of the creaking door, the blue fly singing in the window, and the mouse with the moldy wood panelling, all work together to create a very definite image of an active, yet lonely farmhouse. poetry was the sentimentality. Victorian Poets wrote about Bohemian ideas and furthered the imaginings of the Romantic Poets. Poets like Emily Bronte, Lord Alfred Tennyson prominently used sentimentality in their poems. • The husband and wife poet duo, Elizabeth Barrett-Browning and Robert Browning conducted their love

affair through verse and produced many tender and passionate poems. Most prominent of which are Elizabeth Barrett-Brownings Sonnets from Portuguese, the most notably her If thou must love me and How do I love thee. What is the Style of Tennyson? Tennyson’s poetry style Lord Alfred Tennyson, arguably the most prominent of the Victorian Poets, held the title of Poet Laureate for over forty years. His poems were marked a wide range of topics from romance, to nature, to criticism of political and religious institutions; a pillar of the establishment not

religious institutions; a pillar of the establishment not failing to attack the establishment. His Charge of the Light Brigade was a fierce criticism of a famous military blunder; while the Princess dealt with pseudo-chivalry common among the royalty. The poems of In Memoriam dealt with Tennyson’s exploration of his feelings of love, loss, and desire. Who are the Most Important Poets of Victorian Age? The most important poets of the Victorian Ages are- • ALFRED LORD TENNYSON

Victorian poets list

• MATTHEW ARNOLD • ROBERT BROWNING • ARTHUR HUGH CLOUGH • MRS. ELIZABETH BROWNING etc. • Brontë sisters • Amy Levy MATTHEW ARNOLD (1822-1888) MATTHEW ARNOLD was one of the greatest poets of the Victorian Age but he was considered more a critic than a poet. A poet who is at heart a critic and whose poetry is “a criticism of life under the conditions fixed for such criticism by the laws of poetic truth and poetic beauty”.

Matthew Arnold belonged the group of the reflective, thoughtful and intellectual poets of the Victorian age. His poetical works are not very bulky. As early as 1849 he had published “THE STRAYED REVELLER and OTHER POEMS”. In 1852 was published “EMPEDOCLES ON ETNA” and “OTHER POEMS” by “A”. then followed “POEMS” in 1853 with a remarkable preface. This volume contained famous poems of Arnold such as “SOHRAR AND RUSTAM”, “THE SCHOLAR GIPSY”. In 1855 was issued “POEMS BY METTHEW ARNOLD”, second series containing many old and published

poems and a few new ones such as “BLADER DEAD” and “SEPARATION”. In 1867 “NEW POEMS” was published. This volume contained “THYRSIS RUGBY CHAPEL”, “DOVER BEACH”, “A SOUTHERN NIGHT” etc. The poems of Matthew Arnold can broadly be classified into narrative, dramatic, elegiac and lyrical poems besides a few sonnets which he wrote form time to time. Arnold was not a born poet like Shelley whom he criticized as an “ineffectual angel” , but a man who wrote poetry for it served as a good and helpful medium of expressing his views abort life and its problems. But Arnold’s poetry lacks spontaneity,

passion, rapture, qualities by which great poetry is judged. ROBERT BROWNING (1812-89) ROBERT BROWNING was another important poet of the Victorian era. Browning began his poetic career under the inspiring example of P.B. Shelley. His earliest work in poetry is “PAULINE”(1833). The poem is a monologue addressed by Pauline on the development of a soul. In 1840 Browning produced “SORDELLO” representing the life of a little known Italian poet.

In 1842, Browning produced “DRAMATICS LYRICS” followed by “DRAMATIC ROMANCES AND LYRICS” in 1845. In 1855, Browning brought out “MEN AND WOMEN” which was dedicated to Elizabeth Barret Browning. In “DRAMATIC PERSONAE” (1864) Browning carried forward his study of human beings and produced a number of dramatic monologues. In 1868-69, Browning produced “THE RING AND THE BOOK”. Besides composing lyrics and dramatic monologues Browning also penned a few dramas at intervals. He bought all his dramas in a collection known as “BELLS AND POMEGRANATES”.

Browning is the author of eight plays. The most characteristics of Browning’s poetry is his profound interest in character. He is a great master of the art of presenting the inner side of human beings, their mental and moral qualities. It is in his dramatic monologues that Browning is seen at his best. He uses the dramatic monologues for the study of character, of particular mental states, and moral crisis in the soul of the characters concerned. Browning is an optimist to the care. Browning’s optimism is best seen in his treatment of love. Browning is one of the greatest of love poets in the

English language. Browning was a highly original genius right from the beginning. ARTHUR CLORGH (1819-1861) ARTHUR CLUGH was another poet of Victorian Age. He was also representative Victorian poet expressing in his narratives, descriptive and lyric verses of doubts, the uncertain questioning and criticism of the Victorian Age. He was the truest expression in verse of the moral and intellectual tendencies. The doubt and struggle towards settled convictions of period in which he lived.

His entire work in poetry is intellectual in character and is marked with introspective self analysis and self declination. Clough’s important works are- “THE BOTHIC OF TOBER- NO VOUBET”, “AMOURS De”, “VOYAGE”, “DIP TYCHUS” etc. ELIZABETH BARETT BROWNING (1806-61) The wife of Robert Browning was another important figure and occupies a place of her own among the poets of Victorian Age. She was a few years older than her husband and began composing poems, which were rather old fashioned in form and showed a curious mingling of

her influence of the Bible, the Greeks, Byron and Shelley. Her important works are- “THE COY OF CHILDREN”, “LADY GERALDINE’S COURTSHIP”, “SONNETS FROM THE PORTUGESE”, “AURORA LEIGH”, “COWPER’S GRAVE” etc. Mrs. Browning is the poetess of humanitarianism and deep pity. Her poems evoke the chords of sympathy in our hearts and bring tears to our eyes. Her love poems are rich in emotion and exhibit the intensity of her passion and love for Browning. But her poetry suffers from numerous and defects.

Brontë sisters Charlotte, Emily and Anne Brontë, known for their prose fiction, also wrote poems that were compiled in Poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell. The poems by Currer (Charlotte) are ‘Pilate’s Wife’s Dream’, ‘Mementos’, The Wife’s Will’, ‘Frances’, ‘Life’, ‘Gilbert’, ‘Evening Solace’, ‘Stanzas’, ‘Apostasy’ and so on. Ellis (Emily) wrote poems like ‘The Lady to her Guitar’, ‘The Two Children’, ‘Last Words’, ‘Old Stoic’, ‘My Comforter’, ‘Encouragement’ and ‘Warning and Reply’.

Acton’s (Anne) poems like ‘Despondency’, ‘Confidence’, ‘The Narrow Way’, ‘Lines Written from Home’, and ‘Domestic Peace’ are contained in this volume too. In ‘Pilate’s Wife’s Dream’, the speaker is a woman whose feminine predicament has been subtly expressed in the dichotomy between despair and hope. ‘Mementos’ describes the hopelessness of a woman writer, whose plethora of ‘mementos of past pain and pleasure’ expressed in ‘relics old’ are becoming antique and ‘mossing over’.

‘The Wife’s Will’ expresses the loyalty and longing of a woman to be with her lover. In ‘The Lady to her Guitar’ manifests the nostalgia of a broken hearted woman whose memories are replenished with the tune of her ‘old Guitar’. The poems like ‘Sympathy’ and ‘Plead for Me’ dwells on a solitariness and love for that. Anne’s poems also glisten with gloom and despondency, but finally a dream for distant freedom triumphs. Amy Levy

tags her as the ‘New Woman’ poet discussing on unconventional themes like homoeroticism. The poem ‘To Vernon Lee’ brings out the affection between Levy and Lee in sensual imagery. .Xantippe and Other Verses (1881) was however a much popular collection by Amy Levy. The nominating poem ‘Xantippe’ is in the form of a dramatic monologue. The speaker Xantippe is an old woman, voicing her angst that her husband rather treated her as one expected to serve ‘maiden labour’ instead of intellectual companionship while her ‘high thoughts’, her ‘golden dreams’ and soul ‘yearned for knowledge’.

Levy’s other notable feminist poems include Magdalen (1884) and A Ballad of Religion and Marriage (1888). The former is a bitter dramatic monologue spoken by a ‘fallen’ woman who is dying in a religious penitentiary where she redeems her earlier conduct. The latter poem contests the traditional division into ‘married’ and ‘odd’ women. With the choric repetition on marriage as a way of God, there is the implicit grievance of the Victorian woman fatally trapped in incompatible marriage. A Minor Poet and Other Verses (1884) contains dramatic monologues and lyric poems. ‘A Minor Poet’

perceptibly bears Amy’s self-inscription, she is a ‘poet crawling between earth and heaven’, her lack of popularity is the victim of gender politics: ‘Queen Luck, that rules the world befriend me now/And freely I’ll forgive you many wrongs’. Tom Leigh is perhaps a fictitious male-poet, whose masculinity made his poems famous, even if he wrote ‘a blot, a blur, a note’. Victorian Poetry—Types Victorian Poetry employs every kind of verse forms in the language and exploits every form of poetic sub-genres. However, the most popular were dramat

Victorian Poetry - Types | ppup part 1 english honours notes and study material pdf


monologue, the verse novel sonnets, Arthurian poetry, domestic poems and pastoral elegy. In the realm of Victorian poetry, one would observe numerous types that nevertheless enhanced the genre. We will be discussing the major types of Victorian Poetry. (i) Dramatic Monologues Dramatic monologue is fundamentally considered to be a definitive Victorian poetic genre. Dramatic monologue consists of a single speaker who is not the poet, and an implied auditor.

The speaker utters the speech that constitutes the entire poem, in a specific situation and at a crucial moment. The readers become aware of the silent auditor’s presence, every movement, clues of every physical actions from the speaker’s words. Robert Browning perfected this subgenre single-handedly, with poems like ‘My Last Duchess’, ‘Porphyria’s Lover’, ‘Andrea del Sarto’, ‘Caliban Upon Setebos’, ‘Fra Lippo Lippi’, ‘The Bishop Orders his Tomb on St. Praxed’s Church’ and so on. In ‘My Last Dutchess’, the speaker is the Duke of Ferrara and the non-speaker is a painter. The active presence of the auditor is perceptible from the speaker’s hints only, like ‘will it please you rise?

We’ll meet/The Company below’, ‘oh sir, she smiled’, ‘nay, we’ll go together down sir’. The reader can speculate that the auditor’s movements are governed by the speaker’s commands. (ii) Elegies The element of mourning over the deceased is evident from the above lines, and that is the crux of an elegy. Nostalgia, memory, estrangement, lamentation are the basic tenets of elegy. The private experience is turned into a public meaning in elegies. Tennyson’s In Memoriam A.H.H is the profoundest elegy of this time.

Written on the death of his Cambridge friend Arthur Henry Hallam, these series of elegiac poems also express the crisis of Faith, the marked catastrophe of the age. The bleakness that the poems illustrate the sense of despondency that comes as the result of the loss of the loved ones. (iii) Sonnets Victorian Period gave a fresh lease of life to this subgenre of lyric poetry. Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet sequence Sonnets from the Portuguese, Christina Rossetti’s Monna Innominata: A Sonnet of Sonnets and Later Life, Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s

Sonnets and Later Life, Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s sonnet cycle The House of Life, George Meredith’s Modern Love and Augusta Webster’s Mother and Daughter are the Victorian sonnet sequences. Hopkins curtailed his sonnets into ten and a half lines from fourteen, and thereby known for his curtal sonnets. Meredith invented sixteen lined sonnets in Modern Love. In Sonnets from the Portuguese Barrett Browning as a woman expresses boldly and unabashedly her undying love for the male addressee. The cycle consists of forty-four love poems.

(iv) Verse novels Prose fiction flourished conspicuously during this period, and lengthy narratives, almost as long as novels, in the form of verses were also produced. These verse novels were written in simple or complex stanzas. Some examples are Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Aurora Leigh, Arthur Hugh Clough’s The Bothie of Tober-na-vuolich and Amors de Voyage, Robert Browning’s The Ring and the Book, and Edmund C. Nugent’s

Anderleigh Hall: A Novel in Verse. Linda Hughes says that Aurora Leigh ‘melds poetic and novelistic narrative into an innovative hybrid medium.’ The poem can be read from the feminist aspect, where the heroine Aurora wills to thrive as a poetess and the hero Romney counters, negating poetry as useless. In almost eleven thousand lines in nine books the poem is like an epic. (v) Arthurian Poetry The nobility, gallantry, dignity and chivalry, perceived in Medieval Arthurian Romances, appeared in some Victorian poems too.

Alfred Tennyson’s Idylls of the King (1888) is the most remarkable among the Arthurian poems; it consists of ‘Enid’, ‘Vivien’, ‘Elaine’ and ‘Guinevere’. The cloistered life of the lady drives home the secluded life of the Victorian women. Arnold’s Tristram and Iseult (1852) is drawn on the twelfth century French poem of the same name. Tristram was one of the beloved knights of King Arthur. The poem weaves themes of passion, temptation, adultery and regret. (vi) Domestic and Idyllic Poems

Victorian Period was the era that idealized homely virtues and hearth was considered to be the comfort zone pitted against the external socio-political upheavals. There was the emergence of domestic poems, praising the blisses of home, warmth of togetherness and family bonding. Felicia Hemans’ Records of Women is a case in point. It contains a series of poems that glorify the affections of husbands and wives, parents and children, and siblings. ‘Madeline: A Domestic Tale’ depicts the unquestionable power of maternal love, for which the lonely daughter in exile pines.

Victorian Period was the era that idealized homely virtues and hearth was considered to be the comfort zone pitted against the external socio-political upheavals. There was the emergence of domestic poems, praising the blisses of home, warmth of togetherness and family bonding. Felicia Hemans’ Records of Women is a case in point. It contains a series of poems that glorify the affections of husbands and wives, parents and children, and siblings. ‘Madeline: A Domestic Tale’ depicts the unquestionable power of maternal love, for which the lonely daughter in exile pines.

Conclusion for  Poets of victorian Age [Victorian Poetry]

I hope You got what you were looking for ..reading this post Poets of victorian age [victorian poetry] pdf download | ppup part 1 english honours notes and study material pdf ... and if you got any query ..you can comment below so we can provide you further assistance.
Tags:

No comments

Subscribe to: Post Comments ( Atom )
Powered by Blogger.