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Note on the Life and Works of John Donne ( John Donne biography pdf ) - ppup part 1 english honours notes and study material pdf

October 03, 2024 0
[ Note on the Life and Works of John Donne ( John Donne biography pdf ) - ppup part 1 english honours notes and study material pdf ]


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Introduction to Note on the Life and Works of John Donne


Table of contents - The works of john donne Songs and Sonnets (Love Poems): The Satires: The Elegies: Verse letters: Epithalamions: The Progress of the Soul: Epicedes and Obsequies: The Anniversaries: Religious Poetry of John Donne: Prose of John Donne: Introduction Catholic family during a catholic revival. In England, it was a strong anti-Catholic period. John Donne’s father,

John, was a wealthy and flourishing merchant in London. John Donne’s mother, Elizabeth Heywood was a grand-niece of Sir Thomas More, a Catholic Martyr. In Donne’s life, religion played an unrestrained and zealous role. In 1576, the father of John died. His mother married again to a wealthy widower. In 1583, he attended Oxford University at the age of 11, and then he went to Cambridge University. However, due to his religious sect, Catholicism, he never received any degree. In 1592, he started studying law at Lincoln’s Inn at the age of 20. He was intended to pursue a legal or diplomatic career. In the 1590s, he spent all his wealth on womanizing.

It was during this time that he wrote his erotic poems and love lyrics. Among the small group of admirers, Satires and Songs and Sonnets, his first books of poems were highly praised. In 1593, on showing the sympathies of Catholicism, his brother Henry was sentenced, and he soon died in prison. This episode affected him to a great extent, and he started questioning his own faith in Catholicism. It made him write some best works on religion. In 1597, John Donne was appointed a personal secretary, the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England, Sir Thomas Egerton. He spent several years with Egerton as a secretary, and it seems that it was during this time that abandoned Catholicism and converted to Anglicanism.

In 1601, Donne turned out to be a Member of Parliament and was on the way to a promising career. In the same year, he married Anne More secretly. Anne More was the niece of Sir Egerton. Anne’s father and Lord Egerton did not support the marriage and, as a punishment, did not provide Anne More a dowry. Donne is fired from his job by Lord Egerton and held him in prison for some time. The next year for the couple was of great struggle; they lived in poverty until the father of any provided her dowry. After giving birth to their 12th child, Anne More died in 1617. Afterward, Donne devoted himself to religious practices and gave up writing poems. John became Dean of St. Paul in 1621. Donne wrote Devotion upon Emergent Occasions in his severe illness and published it in 1624.

The work contains his famous lines “never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee” and “No man is an island.” He was also appointed as Vicar of St. Dunstan’s in the same year and earned fame for his sermons. The health of John Donne was deteriorating continuously, and he was getting more and more obsessed with death. Before his death, he delivered a sermon (a pre-funeral sermon) titled: Death’s Duel.” He died on 31st March 1635. His work was fascinating and creative. His use of paradox influenced the poets for years. Though the works of Donne were not appreciated for some time, in the 20th century, W.B. Yeats, T.S. Eliot, and other

John Donne famous works


high profile people reviewed his work and paid a special tribute to these writers. The works of john donne John Donne's Secular Poetry: The secular poems of John Donne may be classified under the following headings: Songs and Sonnets (Love Poems): His love poems, Songs and Sonnets, were written in the same period, and are intense and subtle analyses of all the moods of a lover, expressed in vivid and startling language, which is colloquial rather than conventional. A vein of satire runs through these too. The rhythm is dramatic and gives the illusion of excited talk. He avoids the smooth, easy pattern of most of his

contemporaries, preferring to arrest attention rather than to lull the senses. His great variety of pace, his fondness for echoing sounds, his deliberate use of shortened lines and unusual stress contribute also to this effect of vivid speech, swift thought, and delicate emotional responses. The Satires: "Donne put much more into satire than any English writer did before him, and in any history of English verse his satires would have They to be described as a landmark." These satires are five in number. They are modelled in style and technique on the Roman satirist Persius.

Like Elizabethan satire, John Donne's satires are rough and harsh. His satires have the usual energy - a richness of contemporary observation. The Elegies: The elegies are twenty in number. "They were first published in 1633, although they were written in the early period of his life, most probably in 1590. "They are all love-poems in loose iambic pentameter couplets, and have always had a reputation for indecency". The titles of these elegies indicate their nature, e.g. Jealousy. Verse letters: These verse letters were addressed to the Countess of Bedford. They reveal the author's unique personality.

Epithalamions: Donne has attempted three epithalamions or marriage songs. The first song was written for the marriage of Princess Elizabeth on St. Valentine's Day, 1613. As Grierson remarks: "In this poem, Donne comes in places near in style to Spenser, supreme master of the epithalamion" The Progress of the Soul: It is a strange and fantastic poem which was written in 1601 by John Donne. The queen has been treated as the last of a line of arch-heretics. As Gransden asserts: "The poem is one of which Donne would have had enough reason to repent". Epicedes and Obsequies: These poems were written to mourn the death of celebrated contemporaries. They are, in fact, elegies.

These elegies are good Working examples of how the resources of the metaphysical technique enable the poet, who probably feels no personal grief, to offer a variety of comfort, appropriate yet original, upon the formal occasion of death. The Anniversaries: The two Anniversaries were published in 1611. They were written for Sir Robert Drury on the death of his daughter Elizabeth. These poems characterized the transition from the secular to the divine poems. They reveal the darker side of Donne's wit. Religious Poetry of John Donne: His religious poetry was written after 1610, and the greatest, the nineteen Holy Sonets, and the lyrics such as A Hymn to God the Father, after his wife's death in 1617.

Prose of John Donne: Donne's prose work is considerable both in bulk and achievement. The Pseudo-Mariyr (1610) was a defence of the oath of allegiance, while Ignatius His Conclave (1611) was a satire upon Ignatius Loyola and the Jesuits. The best introduction to Donne's prose is, however, through his Devotions (1614), which give an account of his spiritual struggles during his serious illness.

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